长三角地区不同城市在校中小学生营养现况分析

Prevalence study on nutritional status of middle and primary school children in the cities of the Yangtze River Delta region

【目的】分析长三角不同城市地区在校中小学生营养现况,比较不同城市地区在校学生营养状况的差异,男女营养状况分布特征,为探索城市学生营养问题和采取针对性的干预措施提供实施依据。【方法】使用2007年WHO生长参照值年龄别身高筛查生长迟滞,年龄别体重指数筛查消瘦。使用2004年WGOC中国儿童青少年肥胖、超重标准年龄别体重指数筛查超重、肥胖。在2009年9月-2011年9月期间,对该地区12所学校的7 300名在校中小学生进行体格测量。分析长三角城市地在校中小学生营养现况。【结果】营养过剩已经成为长三角城市地区在校中小学生主要营养问题。男生在超重、肥胖、消瘦检出率上均高于女生(P<0.01)。长三角不同城市在校学生营养状况分布不同。大城市中心城区肥胖问题突出。中小型城市在校学生表现为营养不良与营养过剩并存的"双峰"现象。【结论】应采取不同措施对长三角城市地区不同群体在校学生进行针对性营养干预。

【Objective】 To investigate and analyze the nutritional status and distribution of middle and primary school children in the cities of the Yangtze River Delta region so as to provide scientific basis for prevention.【Methods】 An epidemiological survey on nutritional status with stratified cluster sampling method carried out in 4 cities of the Yangtze River Delta region in September,2009 to September 2011.7 300 students aged 7~18 years from 12 middle and primary schools were enrolled as research subjects.The category standard of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents of China were recommended by WGOC（2004）,and the screening criteria of stunting and wasting were recommended by WHO（2007）.【Results】 Overnutrition had been a major nutritional problem in the urban school children of this region.The prevalence of overweight,obesity and wasting in boys were higher than those of in girls（P〈0.01）.The distribution of nutritional status was different in different urban groups.An＂obesity＂problem was raised noticeably in the central district of large urban school children,meanwhile the ＂twin peak＂ phenomenon which mean over-and mal-nutritional status were coexisted in the medium and small urban school children.【Conclusion】 It is time to adopt timely guidance and prevention in different urban school children of the Yangtze River Delta region.