儿童卫生保健服务中的性别差异研究

Study of gender gaps in child health care services

【目的】了解深圳市龙岗区不同性别儿童卫生保健服务利用情况,为完善社区妇幼保健服务体系和改善妇女儿童生殖健康状况提供科学依据。【方法】采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取深圳市龙岗区180名0～2岁儿童作为调查对象,利用自行设计的调查表进行调查,了解不同性别儿童接受保健服务情况。【结果】94.08%的儿童有过母乳喂养,不同性别儿童母乳喂养率和开奶时间差异无统计学意义。86.67%的儿童定期进行健康体检,男童定期健康体检率高于女童,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.588,P=0.018),93.94%的儿童定期进行预防接种,不同性别儿童实施计划免疫率差异无统计学意义。【结论】性别问题影响儿童保健服务,要将性别平等意识引入社区妇幼保健服务体系,以改善妇幼生殖健康状况。

【Objective】 To understand the use of child health services between gender in Longgang district of Shenzhen,thereby providing a scientific basis for perfecting maternal and child health service system and improving the state of reproductive health services.【Methods】 Stratified random sampling method was used to select 180 children under 2 years old from Longgang district,Shenzhen City as participants in this study,then to learn gender difference in child health care services among them by face-to-face questionnaire.【Results】 94.08% of children were breastfeeding,the difference in the rate of breast feeding and the start time between sexes had no statistical significance.86.67% of children had a regular health check-up,and the check-up rate of boys was higher than that of girls（χ2=5.588,P=0.018）,93.94% of children conducted a regularly vaccination.The difference in the rate of Planned Immunity between sexes had no statistical significance.【Conclusions】 Gender issues affects the use of child health services,and the theory ＂women are equal to men＂ should be incorporated into maternal and child health care system,so as to improve the state of reproductive health services.