马鞍山市2032名学前儿童屈光状态及视力保护知识知晓情况调查

Refractive status among 2 032 pre-school children in Maanshan city

【目的】了解马鞍山市学龄前儿童视力发育现状,为制定合理的干预措施提供参考依据。【方法】采用整群抽样的方法,对抽取的儿保门诊和托幼机构的2 032名6月龄～6周岁儿童进行视力筛查,同时调查家长的儿童视力保护知识知晓情况及行为。【结果】马鞍山市学龄前儿童屈光异常率为31.1%,屈光异常类型以散光为主;随着年龄的增长,屈光异常发生率逐渐降低;散居儿童异常率高于托幼儿童;外地户口儿童低于本地户口儿童;家长的儿童视力保护知识知晓率较低,保护儿童视力行为不足。【结论】马鞍山市学龄前儿童屈光异常率较高,卫生保健部门、教育部门及儿童家长应高度重视,加强合作,共同保护儿童视力。

【Objective】 To understand the status of refractive errors in pre-school children so as to provide scientific basis for making reasonable intervention strategy.【Methods】 A total of 2 032 children aged 6 month^6 years old from daily outpatient clinics and nursery schools in Maanshan city were chosen by cluster sampling.Then their refractive statuses were measured suresight hand-hold refractomter,meanwhile handed out self-administrated questionnaire to the parents to investigated their knowledge and actions about protecting their children＇s visions.【Results】 In pre-school children the rate of refractive errors was 31.1%.The mainly type of refractive errors was astigmatism.With the increase of the age,the rate of refractive errors decreased in 6 months^6 years old children.The rate of refractive errors in live scattered children was significantly higher than those in nursery and kindergarten children.The rate in local children was significantly higher than those in nonlocal children.The understand rate of knowledge about vision protecting in parents was low,and the protecting action was lack.【Conclusion】 The rate of refractive errors is low among pre-school children in Maanshan city,health care department,education institution and parents should take more attention and strengthen cooperation to protect the children＇s visions.