摘要
采用降水量、径流量、地下水位及埋深4个指标对1961—2000年水资源的时空变化特征进行分析。结果表明:①降水量年内及年际变化均较大,年内降水量集中于夏季,年际呈下降趋势,空间分布呈自南向北逐渐下降的趋势。②黄河入境径流量年内及年际变化均较大,根据趋势分析1986年之前径流量变化较平缓,之后呈线性下降趋势。当地径流量年内变化较大,夏季径流量超过全年的80%;年际变化较小,呈峰-谷-峰的变化趋势。③东营市浅层地下水位年内变化较小,其中广饶县年内及年际变化均较大,自20世纪80年代至21世纪初平均下降了12.78m。④广饶县地下水埋深自70年代至90年代增幅达到14.70m。1975—2000年广饶县地下水埋深呈显著线性增加趋势(R2=0.93),年均增速达到0.72m/a。
The spatial and temporal characteristics of water resources in the Yellow River Delta from 1961 to 2000 were analyzed based on four indicators: precipitation, runoff, water table, and bury of groundwater. A ease study was conducted in Dongying City, which is the main part of the Yellow River Delta. The results show the following: ( 1 ) Both the intra-annual and inter-annual changes of precipitation were significant. The intra-annual precipitation was concentrated in summer. The inter-annual precipitation had a decreasing trend. The spatial distribution of precipitation showed a gradual declining trend from south to north. (2) The intra-annual and inter-annual changes of inflow of the Yellow River were significant. A trend analysis indicated a slight fluctuation and linear decline of runoff before and after 1986, respectively. The local runoff showed significant intra-annual change, with the runoff in surnmer being over 80% of that over a whole year, and a small inter-annual change, with a peak-valley-peak trend. (3) There was a slight change in the water table of the shallow groundwater in Dongying City, but large intra-annual and inter-annual changes in Guangrao County, where an average decrease of 12.78 m of the water table was observed from the 1980s to the early 21st century. (4) The bury of groundwater in Guangrao County increased by 14.70m from the 1970s to the 1990s. A notable linear increase ( R^2 = 0.93) of the bury of groundwater in Guangrao County was observed from 1975 to 2000, with an average growth rate of 0.72 m per year.
出处
《水资源保护》
CAS
2012年第1期29-33,37,共6页
Water Resources Protection
基金
水利部公益性行业专项(200801026)
关键词
黄河三角洲
水资源
时空变化特征
降水
径流
地下水位
地下水埋深
Yellow River Delta
water resources
spatial and temporal characteristics
precipitation
runoff
watertable
bury of groundwater