《牧誓》蜀、濮地望新考

New Investigation of the Location of Shu and Pu in Pledge at Muye

《牧誓》记载庸、蜀、羌、髳、微、卢、彭、濮八国之师曾随武王伐纣,古今学者皆释为凿凿信史,少有疑问,然八国族地望,则长期存在不少争议。在前人已有研究成果基础上,结合文献记载、甲骨文资料和田野考古资料对八国族中的蜀和濮的地望重新进行较为系统的考察,认为:周原甲骨卜辞之"蜀"即《牧誓》之蜀,西周初年其位于今陕西汉中一带;《牧誓》之濮,西周金文中屡见,根据专家研究,即南国子,西周初年濮族大致位于楚、豫之间江汉平原地区。

It is no doubt that the eight countries including Yong,Shu,Qiang,Mao,Wei,Lu,Peng,Pu,who followed King Wu to attack Emperor Zhou recorded in Pledge at Muye are regarded as historicity by the ancient and modern scholars.However,it has been an argument which has lasted for a long time about the locations of these eight countries.On the basis of research by former researchers,we have synthesized the data of documents,inscription on bones and tortoise shells materials and the archaeological materials to systematically investigate where Shu and Pu were.Shu in Oracle Bones at Zhouyuan as well as in Pledge at Muye,which lies in the Hanzhong area of Shaanxi now in the early days of the Zhou dynasty.According to some scholors,Pu in Pledge at Muye,which often appeared in inscriptions on ancient bronze objects in the Western Zhou Dynasty,was the Pu Zi of southern territories,probably lies in Jianghan Plain between Chu and Yu.