深圳市宝安区婴幼儿乳糖不耐受发生率分析

Analysis on the incidence of lactose intolerance among the infants in Baoan district of Shenzhen city

目的:研究婴幼儿腹泻乳糖不耐受的发生率;轮状病毒肠炎与其他腹泻病的乳糖不耐受发生率的比较;婴幼儿腹泻去乳糖饮食的疗效分析。方法:采用尿半乳糖测定法判断有无乳糖酶缺乏。应用双抗体夹心法测定粪便轮状病毒抗原(RV-Ag),判断患儿有无感染轮状病毒。分组观察婴幼儿腹泻去乳糖饮食的疗效。结果:婴幼儿腹泻乳糖不耐受的发生率为62.24%。其中≤1岁乳糖不耐受的发生率为67.56%,>1岁乳糖不耐受的发生率为53.56%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。RV-Ag(+)乳糖不耐受的发生率58.21%,RV-Ag(-)乳糖不耐受的发生率47.22%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。婴幼儿腹泻乳糖不耐受去乳糖饮食有效率90.00%,对照组有效率52.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:①婴幼儿腹泻时乳糖不耐受发生率高达62.24%,随年龄增加而显著降低;②轮状病毒肠炎继发乳糖不耐受高于其他腹泻病,但差异无统计学意义;③婴幼儿腹泻时继发乳糖不耐受可加重腹泻症状,是使腹泻时间延长的重要原因,去乳糖饮食疗效肯定。

Objective：To study the incidence of lactose intolerance among the infants with diarrhea,compare the incidences of lactose intolerance among the infants with rotavirus enteritis and other diarrheal diseases,analyze the curative effect of lactose-free diet for the infants with diarrhea.Methods：Urine galactose detection was used to predict whether lactase was deficient.Double antibody sandwich method was used to detect fecal rotavirus antigen（RV-Ag） and determine whether the infants were infected by rotavirus.The infants were divided into different groups,and the curative effects of lactose-free diet for the infants with diarrhea were observed.Results：The incidence of lactose intolerance among the infants with diarrhea was 62.24%.The incidences of lactose intolerance among the infants≤one year and the infantsone year were 67.56% and 53.56%,respectively,there was significant difference（P0.05）.The incidences of lactose intolerance among the infants with positive RV-Ag and the infants with negative RV-Ag were 58.21% and 47.22%,respectively,there was no significant difference（P0.05）.The effective rates of lactose-free diet for the infants with diarrhea in experimental group and control group were 90.00% and 52.50%,respectively,there was significant difference（P0.01）.Conclusion：The incidence of lactose intolerance among the infants with diarrhea was 62.24%,which decreased significantly with age;the incidence of lactose intolerance induced by rotavirus enteritis was higher than that induced by other diarrheal diseases,but there was no significant difference;lactose intolerance can aggravate diarrheal symptoms,which is one of the important reasons prolonging diarrheal time,the curative effect of lactose-free diet is good.