河北省0～6岁儿童唇腭裂发生情况及因素分析

Analysis on the prevalence and effect factors of cleft lip and palate among the children aged 0-6 years old in Hebei province

目的:探讨唇腭裂的发生和干预措施。方法:利用2003～2008年河北省0～6岁儿童出生缺陷调查资料进行回顾性分析。结果:2003～2008年河北省0～6岁唇腭裂患儿2 529例,发病率为5.70/万;河北省唇腭裂发生呈逐年增加趋势,2003年与2008年唇腭裂发病率与6年平均发病率比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);在河北省11个区市中以邯郸市发病率最高,为9.13/万,与6年平均发病率比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);男孩发病率高于女孩,男女性别比为1.81:1,多胞胎发病率高于单胎,乡村发病高于城镇,山区高于平原;河北省0～6岁唇腭裂发生遗传因素占5.42%,母亲因素占33.93%,父亲因素占4.71%;有55.08%接受孕前优生健康检查,74.77%接受孕期保健;5.10%的唇腭裂儿童接受矫治手术。结论:河北省唇腭裂发病率仍处于较高水平,且呈逐年增加趋势。应采取全方位综合预防干预措施,重视孕前优生健康检查,加强孕期保健和做好新生儿筛查,并及时、适时地为出生缺陷患儿进行矫治,真正提高人口素质和生活质量。

Objective：To explore the occurrence and preventive measures of cleft lip and palate.Methods：The investigation data of birth defects among the children aged 0-6 years old in Hebei province from 2003 to 2008 were analyzed retrospectively.Results：From 2003 to 2008,2 529 children aged 0-6 years old in Hebei province were found with cleft lip and palate,the incidence was 5.70/10 000;the incidence of cleft lip and palate in Hebei province showed an increasing trend year by year,there was significant difference between the incidences of cleft lip and palate in 2003,2008 and the average incidence from 2003 to 2008（P0.01）;among 11 districts（cities） in Hebei province,the incidence of cleft lip and palate in Handan city was the highest（9.13/10 000）,compared with the average incidence from 2003 to 2008,there was significant difference（P0.01）.The incidence of cleft lip and palate in boys was higher than that in girls,the sex ratio was 1.81∶ 1,the incidence in multiple birth family was higher than that in one-child family,the incidence in villages was higher than that in towns,the incidence in mountainous areas was higher than that in plain regions.Among the effect factors of aleft lip and palate among the children aged 0-6 years old in Hebei province,the proportions of genetic factor,maternal factor,and paternal factor were 5.42%,33.93%,and 4.71%,respectively;55.08% of the pregnant women received progestational eugenic examination,74.77% of the pregnant women received health care during pregnancy;5.10% of the children with cleft lip and palate received corrective operation in hospital.Conclusion：The incidence of cleft lip and palate in Hebei province is still high,showing an increasing trend year by year.Comprehensive preventive and interventional measures should be taken,more attention should be paid to progestational eugenic examination,health care during pregnancy and neonatal screening should be enhanced,corrective operation should be taken timely,and the population quality and quality of life should be improved.