流动人口在现居住地获得避孕知识情况及影响因素分析

Acquisition of contraceptive knowledge at current place of residence among migrants of Shanghai

目的:了解流动人口在现居住地获得避孕知识的情况并分析影响因素,为开展流动人口避孕节育/生殖健康服务提供参考。方法:采用多阶段整群抽样的方法选择上海市闵行区的2001名流动人口,于2007年8～10月由统一培训的调查员开展结构式问卷调查。结果:流动人口对常用避孕方法的知晓率<70%,对副作用了解最少。最近1年在现居地获得过避孕知识者占42.73%,其避孕知识总得分(31.39±20.72分)高于未获得过避孕知识的对象(24.06±20.54分)(P<0.01)。流动人口在现居地获取避孕知识最主要途径是宣传小册子/折页(30.76%),其次是影视广播/书报杂志(16.96%)和宣传板报(16.26%)。年龄越小、文化程度越高其获得避孕知识的比例越高;未婚有性生活和已婚对象获得避孕知识的比例较未婚无性生活者高;工厂对象获得避孕知识的比例较建筑工地和娱乐服务场所对象高。结论:流动人口在现居住地获得避孕知识的比例较低,年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度和工作场所对流动人口在现居住地是否获得过避孕知识有影响。因此,现居住地应加强针对流动人口的计划生育/生殖健康宣教和服务,应以年龄小、未婚无性生活、文化程度低以及建筑工地和娱乐场所工作的流动人口作为重点。

Objective ： To explore acquisition of the contraceptive knowledge at the current place of residence, so as to provide a basis for high quality services of family planning and reproductive health among migrants in Shanghai. Methods： A cluster and stratified sampling was used to recruited 2 001 migrants and they were interviewed by the trained investigators with a questionnaire. Results ： The awareness of contraceptive methods was less than 70% , and fewer migrants knew side - effects of each contraceptive method. About 42.73% acquired contraceptive knowledge at the current place of residence last year. The average knowledge score of migrants who acquired knowledge at the current place of residence last year was 31.39 ± 20.72, higher than that （24.06± 20.54） of those without acquisition of the knowledge （P 〈 0.01 ）. The main knowledge sources were brochures （30.76%）, movie, magazine and newspaper （ 16.96% ）, and blackboard （ 16.26% ）. More respondents younger and with higher educational level acquired contraceptive knowledge. And more unmarried respondents with sexual behaviour and more married ones acquired contraceptive knowledge than those who were not married and without sexual behaviour. In ad- dition, more respondents working in a factory acquired contraceptive knowledge than those serving for a construction site and an entertainment site. Conclusion ： Fewer migrants acquire contraceptive knowledge at the current place of residence. The age, marriage status, educational level and occupational place have impacts on acquisition of contraceptive knowledge. The IEC and counseling service of family planning and reproductive health should be improved for migrants, especially for those who are younger and have no sexual behaviour, and those with lower educational level and working in building sites and service/entertainment sites.