北京市三级甲等医院护士对实施基础护理认知情况的调查

The cognition of nurses on basic nursing service in three-A-grade hospitals of Beijing

目的了解北京市三级甲等医院护士对基础护理的认知情况，并比较优质护理服务示范病房护士与普通病房护士的态度差异。方法采用方便取样的方法，对北京市三级甲等医院优质护理服务示范病房和普通病房的护士进行问卷调查，共发放问卷200份。结果问卷收回200份，回收率100％。其中，优质护理服务示范病房有效问卷91份，有效率91％；普通病房有效问卷81份，有效率81％。示范病房和普通病房护士的年龄分别为（28．08±6．34）岁和（26．81±5．09）岁，两组相比差异无统计学意义（t=1．429，P〉0．05）；工作年限分别是（7．21±6．66）年和（6．31±5．68）年，两组相比差异无统计学意义（z=0．948，P〉0．05）。示范病房和普通病房在一般清洁的项目上赞同率都比较低。对于完全不能自理患者，示范病房护士对由护士为患者实施床上洗头、整理床单位等各项基础护理服务的认同率均明显高于普通病房的护士（x^2分别为23．319，22．030；P〈0．001）；对于部分不能自理患者，示范病房护士在由护士为患者实施失禁护理、床上温水擦浴等项目的认同率均明显高于普通病房的护士（0分别为18．023，17．254；P〈0．001）。在护士实施“优质护理服务示范工程”的利弊态度上，示范病房护士认为益处明显高于普通病房（P均〈0．05），但在体现护理工作价值和离职率增加的问题上，示范病房护士的认同率低于普通病房。结论护士实施基础护理带来了很多的利好方面，但也使护士的工作量和离职率明显增加。由于护士自身的观念和对护理相关理论没有理性认识导致对基础护理的认识欠缺，示范病房护士实施基础护理认知度明显高于普通病房。

Objective To investigate the cognition of nurses in three A grade hospitals of Beijing on basic nursing service and to compare the difference of attitude between nurses in the general ward and in demonstrating ward. Methods Convenience sampling method was used and questionnaire was used to investigated 200 nurses who worked in ordinary ward and in high quality nursing service ward in three A grade hospitals of Beijing. Results All questionnaires were withdraw including 91 （91%） efficacious ones in high quality nursing service ward and 81 （ 81% ） in ordinary ward. The average age of nurses was （ 28.08 ± 6.34 ） in high quality nursing service ward and（26.81 ± 5.09） in ordinary ward, there was no significantly difference （t =1.429,P〉0. 05）. The average year of work experience was（7.21 ±6.66） and （6.31±5.68） , the difference was not significant （ z = 0. 948, P 〉 0. 05 ）. The consensus on common cleaning was low, but the consensus oh basic nursing applied to patients who could not took care of themselves in high quality nursing service ward was higher than in ordinary ward （ X^2 = 18. 023,17. 254 ,respectively; P 〈 0. 001 ）. The attitude of nurses towarding the high quality nursing service was positive in high quality nursing service ward, more merits were considered than in ordinary ward（ P 〈 0. 05 ） , but the attitude to the value of nursing work and the issue of increased dcmission in high quality nursing service ward was adverse, the agreement rate was lower than in ordinary ward. Conclusions Basic nursing has lots of merits, however, it leads to more workload and higher demission rate for nurses. The cognition of nurses in high quality nursing service ward is higher than in ordinary ward due to deficiency of basic nursing in ordinary ward.