新疆春小麦品种苗期耐盐性分析

Analysis on Salt Stress of Spring Wheat Bred in Xinjiang during Germination

【目的】研究新疆20世纪80年代至今自主选育的新春系列春小麦品种苗期耐盐性差异,筛选苗期耐盐性较好的品种,为新疆耐盐春小麦品种的选育提供参考。【方法】对新疆自育的31个春小麦品种分别采用0.15 mol/L的Na2SO4的单盐和0.1 mol/L NaCl+0.05 mol/L Na2SO4复合盐进行胁迫处理,通过测量发芽率、苗高、苗鲜重、主根长、根数和发芽势,计算出相对耐盐系数和隶属函数综合值,并用SPSS分析软件进行聚类分析。【结果】通过比较分析各个品种苗期相对耐盐系数、隶属函数综合值以及隶属函数综合值总和,筛选出相对耐盐性较好的品种新春26号、新春22号、新春13号和新春16号,这些品种在单盐和复合盐胁迫下都具有较高的隶属函数综合值,且隶属函数综合值总和均较高。通过隶属函数值聚类分析,将新疆自育春小麦品种划分为耐盐性较好、中等和较差的三种类型,其中苗期耐盐性较好的材料有13个,占新疆自育品种数的42%,而耐盐性较差的品种有10个,占新疆自育品种数的32%。【结论】新疆自育春小麦品种多数在苗期具有良好的耐盐性。

The study aims at the work of breeding better variety of spring wheat with salt tolerance in Xinjiang and provide reference for such work through the analysis of the differences of salt stress of a lots of spring wheat during germination bred in Xinjiang since the early 1980s.【Method】31 spring wheat cultivars bred in Xinjiang were treated respectively with simple salt with 0.15 mol/L Na2SO4 and mixed salt with 0.1 mol/L NaCl＋0.05 mol/L Na2SO4.The differences about spring wheat varieties in germination energy,plant height,seeding wet weight,main root length,root number and germination percentage,and the coefficient of relative salt-tolerance and the sum of membership functions with different salt were studied,then a cluster analysis for them was done with the SPSS.【Result】After analyzing the coefficient of relative salt-tolerance,the membership function integrated values with different salt and the sum of membership function integrated values with all kinds of salts,we found that Xinchun 26,Xinchun 22,Xinchun 13 and Xinchun 16 etc.had a good efficiency with salt stress,they all had a high value of the membership function integrated values,and the same to the sum of membership function integrated values with all kinds of salts.After the cluster analysis of the membership function integrated values,the spring wheat cultivars bred in Xinjiang were divided into 3 categories with good,medium and bad characters by salt stress during germination,among which 13 spring wheat cultivars were better,covering 42% in all the varieties and there were 10 bad cultivars,covering 32%.【Conclusion】The results indicate that there are abundant germplasm resources with good efficiency during germination under salt stress.