日语近义词中的复合动词——以人的动作类为主

About the Compound Verb in Japanese Synonyms——Mainly on the Words Expressing Human Action

本文从词汇学研究的角度对表示人的动作的日语近义词中复合动词所处的位置及其所发挥的作用、以及与日语教学的某些关联作了初步的调查。结果显示,日语复合动词在(1.「人間の動作」)类中,与近乎同等比例的单纯动词所表示的动作类型有所不同,两者互为补充地构成了一个比较完整的表示该类别的词汇体系。同时指出,即使是大类近似,具体到近义词群时复合动词与「サ変」动词也存在较大的词汇意义的差异。由此可见,复合动词作为一个词汇意义相对独立的词群,在日语教学方面必须给予足够的重视,或应引发其如何作为基础词入围日语教学的思考。

This paper discusses the state of the compound verb in synonyms,the position of the compound verb in synonyms and the impact using the method of lexicology.As a result,it shows that the compound verbs and the simple verbs indicating human’s actions are different.They constitute a relatively complete vocabulary system by complementing each other.It also suggests that a divide exists between the compound verbs and the＂-suru＂verbs in their meanings even when they are similar in general.For this reason,the paper argues that compound verbs should be taken into consideration as an independent category.