改良吸痰法在老年患者中的应用

Application of improved method suction in elder patients

目的探讨改良吸痰法在老年患者中的应用效果。方法选择需要吸痰的老年患者34例，采用自身对照法单日为对照组，双日为实验组。对照组采用常规吸痰法，实验组采用改良吸痰法。比较两组患者的吸痰效果、吸痰前及吸痰后2min的脉氧饱和度、吸痰后舒适度及黏膜出血、恶心呕吐等指标。结果两种吸痰方法的吸引效果满意度比较，差异无统计学意义（U=1．964，P〉0．05）；两组吸痰前脉氧饱和度差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），吸痰后2min脉氧饱和度实验组（97．38±3．64）％高于对照组（95．02±2．17）％，差异具有统计学意义（t=6．320，P〈0．05）；实验组黏膜出血（4例）、恶心呕吐（4例）情况均低于对照组（11，10例），差异具有统计学意义（X^2分别为1．963，4．510；P〈0．05）；实验组吸痰后舒适度（320例）高于对照组（127例），差异具有统计学意义（X^2=5．012，P〈0．05）。结论改进后的吸痰法是安全有效的吸痰方法，可减轻患者吸痰时的不适。

Objective To study the effect of improved method suction in eider patients. Methods Totals of 340 elder patients needing suction were selected, and serf-controlled study was used. Patients in odd days received traditional suction methods was control group, while in double day patients received improved suction methods was experiment group. Many index was observed such as suction efficacy, before and after suction 2 minutes the pulse oxygen saturation （SpO2 ）, mucocutaneous bleeding,nausea and so on. Results No significant difference was found in sputum suction efficacy between two groups （ U = 1. 964, P 〉 0. 05 ）. There was no difference in pulse oxygen saturation （SpO2） during two groups before suction（P 〉0. 05）. SpO2 of experiment group after suction 2 minutes was （97.38 ±3.64）% higher than control group （95.02 ± 2. 17）%, and the difference was statistically significant （t = 6. 320,P 〈0. 05）. 4 cases were found mucocutaneous bleeding and 4 cases were found nausea in experimental group lower than that llcases and 10cases in control group, and the difference was statistically significant （X2 = 1. 963, 4.510,respectively;P〈0. 05）. 320 cases had o high comfort degree in experimental group mere than 127 cases in control group,and the difference was statistically significant （ X2 = 5.012,P 〈 0. 05）. Condusions Improved sputum suction is a safe and effective suction method, which can alleviate patients＇ discomfort caused by sputum suction.