现代汉语中“小心X”的生成机制研究——以“小心NP”为例

A Cognitive Approach to the Production Mechanism of "xiao xin X"

"小心X"结构在现代汉语中多用作祈使句,表示"提醒或警告某人",在该结构中,动词小心后面的X表示的是一个句子,但在语言形式上是由NP、VP、AP来实现的。X表达的意思之所以由词组来实现,是因为说话者的意向态度影响了其意向内容的表达方式,这种方式指引说话者通过相邻、相似关系,推衍出一个高层级心理模型,以表征其想要表达的意向内容,同时再将此一心理模型映射到句法结构的表达上去。

＂xiao xin X＂ is mostly used as an imperative in modern Chinese,expressing the meaning of ＂warning or announcing a warning＂.In this structure,the part X is actually a clause,but is linguistically realized by an NP,a VP or an AP.The reason why the meaning of a clause represented by X is expressed by a phrase is because the speaker＇s intentional attitude impacts on the way in which his intentional content is to be realized by language and directs the speaker to derive a higher scale mental model through the relations of similarity and proximity,and then maps it on syntactic expression.