青年马克思的“现实人道主义”概念为什么很重要?

Why the Concept of Young Marx's "Real Humanitarian" Is of Great Importance?

体现在马克思《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中的异化式人道主义思路,本质上是一种类与个体二分的古典自由主义思路,它没有看到由劳动和财富所构成的社会经济生活的历史观意义。而体现在《神圣家族》中的现实人道主义思路,则开启了从人的行动或实践的发生学角度来阐释人类发展的新思路,它是充分吸收法国大革命之历史观意义后的结果。尽管由于政治经济学研究的滞后,马克思此时的这种思路还无法与《德意志意识形态》中的历史唯物主义思路相媲美,但必须肯定的是,它所开启的基于人的实践的历史发生学视角,不仅使基于类本质的异化式思路成为马克思哲学发展中的过去了的事件,而且它本身对于马克思形成历史唯物主义思路也有重要的奠基作用。这种新思路对于理解当下中国的社会问题也是有很大帮助的。

The alienated humanitarian ideas embodied in Marx＇ s Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in 1844 are, in nature, a kind of ideas similar to individual dichotomous classical liberalist ones, which failed to see the significance of the history conception of social and economic life made up of labor and wealth. The real humani- tarian ideas embodied in Holy Family, however, opens up new ideas of human development from the perspective of human behavior or practical phylogeny. And these ideas, though not on a par with his historical materialist i- deas reflected in the German Ideology, outshined the alienated humanitarian ideas and served as a cornerstone of Marx＇ s historical materialist ideas. These ideas are also of great help to our understanding the social problems that are facing China now.