自组装多肽纳米纤维支架诱导骨髓间充质干细胞定向分化

Self-assembled Peptide Nanofiber Scaffolds Induce Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Directional Differentiation

组织工程是现代修复重建医学领域的新思路,生物支架和种子细胞是组织工程两大关键要素。自组装多肽纳米纤维支架(SAPNS)是两亲性多肽(PAs)分子在一定条件下自组装成的一类具有三维网状结构的新型生物支架,其结构、生物功能、机械力学等特性类似天然细胞外基质(ECM),其内部经功能化修饰的抗原表位以高浓度呈递在纳米纤维表面并高效选择性地调控种子细胞生物学行为。种子细胞是组织成功再生的必需条件,骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)因其良好的自我更新和多向分化潜能成为了组织工程最佳候选细胞。体外实验表明经特异功能化修饰的SAPNS在有/无辅助因子条件下可促进BMSCs黏附、增殖、迁移和定向分化,动物模型体内实验发现SAPNS结合BMSCs构建的组织工程移植物可修复缺损部位的组织结构和功能,故其在修复重建医学中有良好的应用前景。对SAPNS、自组装、BMSCs、SAPNS诱导BMSCs定向分化等方面进行了综述。

Tissue engineering is a new idea of the modern reconstruction medicine. Biological scaffold and seed cells are two important elements for this new technology. Self-assembled peptides nanofiber scaffolds （SAPNS） are amphiphilic peptides, These peptides self-assemble into a new type of scaffold which has threedimensional network structure under certain conditions. Its Properties such as structure, biological function, mechanics are similar to native extracellular matrix （ECM）, and its internal functionalized modifications of epitope present in high concentrations on surface of nano-fiber and highefficient selectively regulate the biological behavior of seed cells. Seed cells is the necessary condition for successful organization regeneration. Bone mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） , due to its strong self-renewal and multiplex differentation potential, is the best candidate cell for tissue engineering. In vitro experiments showed that these specific functionalized modified of SAPNS can promote adhesion, proliferation, migration and directional differentiation of BMSCs with/ without auxiliary factor. In vivo animal models found that the combination of SAPNS and BMSCs build up tissue engineering grafts can repair organic structure and function of the defect sites, so it have a good prospect in the restoration medicine. A review of SAPNS, self-assembled, BMSCs and directional differentiation was given.