免疫组化和GMS染色对AIDS合并肺孢子菌肺炎的临床诊断价值

Clinical diagnosis values of immunohistochemistry and GMS staining in AIDS combined with pneumocystis pneumonia

目的探讨免疫组化及六胺银(gomori’s methenamine silver nitrate stain,GMS)染色法对AIDS合并肺孢子菌肺炎(pneu-mocystis pneumonia,PCP)的临床诊断价值。方法选择50例临床确诊为合并PCP的AIDS患者作为实验组(PCP组)、25例非PCP的呼吸道感染患者作为对照组,分别采用单克隆抗体免疫组化法和GMS染色法对两组患者的支纤镜肺活检标本进行肺孢子菌(pneumocystis jiroveri,Pj)检测,并比较两种方法的敏感性和特异性。结果免疫组化法检测Pj的敏感性为66%(33/50),特异性为100%(25/25);GMS染色法检测Pj的敏感性为42%(21/50),特异性为92%(23/25)。结论免疫组化法检测Pj的敏感性和特异性均高于GMS染色法,这将有助于提高Pj的检出率及PCP的确诊率。

Purpose To investigate the clinical diagnosis values of AIDS combined with pneumocystis pneumonia（PCP） by immunohistochemistry and Gomori＇s methenamine silver（GMS） staining.Methods Fifty cases of AIDS with PCP were selected as the experimental group（PCP group）,and 25 cases of non-PCP respiratory tract infections patients as the control group.Immunohistochemical staining of monoclonal antibodies and GMS staining were used to detect pneumocystis jiroveri（Pj） of lung biopsy specimens by bronchofibroscope in the two groups,and the sensitivity and specificity were compared between the two methods.Results The sensitivity of detecting pneumocystis jiroveri by immunohistochemical staining was 66%（33/50）,and the specificity was 100%（25/25）.The sensitivity of detecting pneumocystis jiroveri by GMS staining was 42%（21/50）,and the specificity was 92%（23/25）.Conclusions The sensitivity and specificity of detecting pneumocystis jiroveri by immunohistochemical staining are higher than GMS staining,which will help improve the detection rate of pneumocystis jiroveri and the diagnosis rate of PCP.