私人叙事的兴起:武王伐纣时期的铭文创作

Rise of Private Writing:Bronze Inscriptions Creation on the Event of Overthrowing Shang Dynasty by King Wu

《利簋铭》和《天亡簋铭》是目前所能见到的西周最早的两篇铭文,《利簋铭》记载了武王伐纣事件,体现了史官叙事向私人叙事的过渡状态;《天亡簋铭》记载了灭商之后十二天武王祭祀文王和上帝、众神的事件,出现了三线索叙事,使用了抒情手段和修辞格,构建了立体叙事场,显示了明显的写作艺术追求。两篇铭文开创了西周私人写作的文化传统。

＂The Ligui Bronze Inscription＂ and ＂The Tianwanggui Bronze inscription＂ are the first inscriptions in Western Zhou dynasty we can find nowadays. ＂The Ligui Bronze Inscription＂ recorded the great history of overthrowing the Shang dynasty by King Wu and reflected the transition state from the official narrative to private narrative. By recording the event of sacrificing to King Wen and the Gods twelve days after overthrowing the Shang dynasty, ＂The Tianwanggui Bronze Inscription＂ used three clues to narrate and adopted the lyrical and rhetoric means, which built a stereo narrative field and showed an obvious pursuit of writing art. The two inscriptions started Chinese private writing tradition.