张九成《无垢尚书详说》解经特点琐议

On the Expounding Characteristics of Zhang Jiucheng's Shangshuxiangshuo

张九成《无垢尚书详说》今可辑佚18万余字,据此可探其解《书》体例、方法及思想。张氏相信《书序》为孔子所作,并据此以探究《尚书》之微言大义。其《文集》之《书传统论》综论各篇之主旨,《尚书详说》多据《统论》展开论述,二者相互映照,成为一体。张氏解经常据一字推衍义理,又好以后世史实解经,乃宋学解经之典型。在训释上虽同义词亦强生分别,多承王安石解经余习。解经中杂佛老思想、天人感应之说及对现实政治的激烈批判。

Zhang Jiucheng believed that the preface of Shangshu was written by Confucius, so he paid more attentions on the sublime words with deep meanings when he expounded the Shangshu. His works Shuzhuantonglun and Shangshuxiangshuo have close interrelations. He often explained Shangshu＇s sentences meanings based on some special word, and was fond of using historical incidents which happened in the Late Dynasty to explain Shangshu. These were the expounding characteristics of Song Dynasty＇ s scholars. This means that Zhang Jiucheng used to explain Shangshu was influenced by Wang Anshi, a famous scholar lived in Song Dynasty. Zhang Jiucheng used thoughts of yin and yang and Taoists＇ to expound ShangShu. And he criticized real politics severely in his work.