几种物质使刺参脱离附着基效果的比较

Effect of Several Chemicals and Chinese Herb Medicines on Attachment of Sea Cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus)

水温4～10℃时于1L塑料瓶(容水800mL)中放入5头体质量0.5～7.4g的刺参,适应24h后加入不同体积(质量)分数的酒精(99.7%分析纯)(0%、0.5%、1.0%、2.0%、5.0%、10.0%)、氯化钾(99.7%分析纯)(0.00%、0.40%、0.60%、0.80%、0.10%、1.20%)、氯化钠(99.7%分析纯)(盐度45.0、50.0、55.0、60.0、65.0、80.0、100)和复方中草药(分苗灵)(1∶100、1∶200、1∶300、1∶400、1∶500、1∶600)溶液,观察刺参附着力的变化及化皮率。试验结果表明,酒精体积分数在2.0%以下时,刺参的自动脱落率达90%以上,高于2.0%时,化皮率明显增加。在盐度55.0以下浸泡20min后,刺参的自动脱落率随盐度的升高而上升,12℃时比8℃时增加了近30%。当分苗灵与海水的质量之比为1∶300以下时,刺参在其中浸泡30min后,脱落率最高,浸泡60min 90%以上的刺参脱落,未出现化皮、吐肠等异常现象,分苗后不用再进行消毒处理。

Changes in attachment and ulceraion were observed in sea cucumber（Apostichopus japonicus） juveniles weighing from 0.5 g to 7.4 g exposed to solutions with different concentrations of alcohol（analytical reagent containing 99.7%,0%,0.5%,1.0%,2.0%,5.0%,and 10.0%）,KCl（analytical reagent containing 99.7%,0.00%,0.40%,0.60%,0.80%,0.10%,and 1.20%） and Chinese herb medicines（1∶100,1∶200,1∶300,1∶400,1∶500,and 1∶600）in a 1-L plastic bottle at water temperature of 4～10 ℃.Over 90% of detachment from settlement substrate was found in the juveniles exposed to below 2.0% of alcohol,and increase in ulceration was occurred in the juveniles exposed to over 2.0% of alcohol.The juveniles exposed to salinity below 55.0 for 20 min had increase in detachment from settlement substrate,30% higher at 12 ℃ than at 8 ℃,and higher in larger juveniles than in smaller ones.However,the juveniles exposed to a salinity of over 55.0 showed increase in ulceration.There was the peak detachment from settlement substrate in the juveniles exposed to the solution with a ratio of Chinese herb medicines to sea water less than 1∶300 for 30 min,over 90% of the juveniles in the same expourse for 60 min being detached without ulceration and enviseration.