王船山数责朱熹“过于忠”论的原因探究

On Causes of WANG Chuan-shan's Blaming to ZHU Xi's "Guoyuzhong"

汉代以来,非议屈原之词甚众,王船山一概弃而不论,却对给予屈原以相对好评的朱熹耿耿于怀,在《楚辞通释》中多次责难朱熹的"过于忠"论。究其原因,是因为《楚辞通释》的创作目的在于传承蕴含于楚辞之中的刚烈雄健的文化精神,以号召救亡图存运动;朱熹"过于忠"论所倡导的儒雅温驯的文化精神,与船山的文化精神取向和《楚辞通释》的创作意图相左。

Since the beginning of the Han dynasty,much public criticism about QU Yuan has appeared,WANG Chuan-shan disregarded this,but took ZHU Xi to heart,who actually had relatively good comment on QU Yuan.He has blamed ZHU Xi＇s theory of ＂Guoyuzhong＂ many times in the book of General Explanation of Chuci.The reason is due to the writing purpose of the General Explanation of Chuci,which aimed at the heritage of upright and unyielding robust cultural spirit and called on National Salvation Movement.ZHU Xi＇s theory of ＂Guoyuzhong＂ advocated gentle and elegant cultural spirit which failed to agree with chuanshan＇s cultural spirit and the writing purpose of the General Explanation of Chuci.