我国体检人群心血管及代谢指标异常检出率分析

Identification of abnormal blood pressure and metabolism in Chinese health check-up populations

目的了解我国体检人群心血管及代谢指标异常检出率情况。方法收集的全国部分体检机构2009年的体检数据，分析我国体检人群收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆固醇五个指标的异常检出率情况。结果体检人群收缩压高于正常、舒张压高于正常、糖尿病、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇高于正常、总胆固醇高于正常检出率分别为16．7％、14．1％、4．6％、5．9％、6．7％。随着年龄的增加，男性、女性收缩期血压高于正常的比例逐渐升高；舒张期血压高于正常的比例先升高后降低，男性、女性分别在50岁组、60岁组达到最大值；空腹血糖受损和糖尿病的比例均先增加后降低，男性、女性均在70岁组达到最大值；男性低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆固醇至正常高值和高于正常的比例均先升高后降低，均在50岁组达到最大值；女性随着年龄的增加，从20岁组到60岁组至正常高值和高于正常的比例逐渐升高，但60岁组以后两者比例均变化不大。20～59岁组男性人群的血压、血糖异常检出率均高于女性相应年龄组；20～49岁组男性人群的血脂异常检出率高于女性相应年龄组。结论体检人群的心血管及代谢指标异常检出率具有性别和年龄别差异；20～59岁组的男性体检人群尤其应加强血压、血糖、血脂异常监测与健康管理综合干预。

Objective To survey the prevalence of abnormal blood pressure and metabolism in Chinese health check-up populations. Methods Medical results of health check-up participants were retrospectively collected to find abnormal systolic blood pressure （SBP） , diastolic blood pressure （DBP）, fasting blood glucose （ FBG）, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （ LDL-C ）, and total cholesterol （TC）. Results The prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension was increased over age in both male and female adults. The prevalence of isolated diastolic hypertension was increased at first and then decreased. Impaired fasting glucose and diabetes showed a similar trend, and reached the peak level in the 70-year old group. Increased LDL-C and TC was most commonly found in 50-year old males. In the 20 to 50-year old group, abnormal SBP, DBP and FBG were more commonly seen in females. In the 20 to 40-year old group, serum level of LDL-C and TC were significantly increased in males. Conclusions The prevalence of abnormal SBP, DBP, FBG, LDL-C and TC varies with gender and age. Men of 20 to 59-year old may need to get effective interventions.