阿坝州农村集中饮用水工程水质不合格原因及对策

Reasons and Countermeasures of Rural Disquality Drinking Water Concentration Project in Aba Prefecture

目的了解阿坝州农村集中饮用水不合格原因,探讨改善饮用水质量的对策。方法 2009-2010年对阿坝州4个县31个监测点丰水期和枯水期各61份、丰水期消毒处理前后各34份出厂水样,按《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T5750-2006)进行检验。结果常规监测毒理学指标砷、铅、硝酸盐均合格;感官和化学指标丰水期和枯水期合格率分别为93.4%和63.9%,丰水期合格率显著低于枯水期;微生物指标丰水期合格率45.9%,枯水期85.2%,丰水期合格率显著低于枯水期。丰水期微生物指标常规监测不合格水样所属水厂消毒前出厂水微生物指标合格率仅29.4%,消毒后合格率达94.1%,两者差异有统计学意义。结论监测点饮用水总体合格率较低,尤以丰水期为甚,原因可能与水源周围环境的污染和消毒工作开展不到位有关;应加强农村集中饮用水工程水源保护和饮用水出厂前消毒管理。

Objective To explore the strategies for improving the quality of drinking water in Aba prefecture by understanding the reason of unqualification of rural centralized drinking water. Methods From 2009 to 2010, 61 water samples in planty water period, 61 water samples in low water period and 34 water samples before and 34water samples after the disinfection treatment from 31 monitoring points in 4 counties of Aba prefecture were tested according to GB/T5750 - 2006. Results The toxicological indicators of As, Pb and Nitrate were eligibal. The eligible rates of the organoleptic and chemical was 93.4% in planty water period and 63.9% in low water period, which showed that the eligible rate in planty water period was statistically lower than that in low water period. The eligible rate of microorganism index of water samples in planty water period was 45.9%, while in low water period was 85.2%. The eligible rate of microorganism index in planty water pe- riod was statistically lower than that in low water period. The eligible rate of microorganism index in water samples which from the water - supply factorybefore disinfection was only 29.4% in planty water period and after disinfection was 94. 1%, which was significantly different. Conclusion The general eligibal rate of drinking water in the monitoring points was low, especially in the planty water period. The reason is probably that the surrounding was polluted and the disinfection was not well. The protection of water sources in from rural centralized drinking water supply program and the management of the drinking water disinfection should be enhanced.