名贵菊花品种耐盐性筛选浓度的确定

Confirmation of the Concentration of Salt-tolerance Screening for Famous and Precious Chrysanthemum[Dendronthema×Grandiflora(Ramat.)] Varieties

[目的]确定名贵菊花[Dendronthema×Grandiflora(Ramat.)]耐盐性筛选的最佳盐浓度,为筛选抗盐菊花品种和在盐碱地区引种名贵菊花提供理论依据和技术支持。[方法]采用无土栽培的方法,用0.40、.60、.8 mol/L NaCl处理4个名贵菊花品种("檀香狮子""秋水芙蓉""千秀银针""彩霞)",并于处理后36、9、、12、151、8 d测定盐害指数。[结果]NaCl浓度为0.4、0.8 mol/L时,不同处理时间下,4个名贵菊花品种的盐害指数均相差不大。浓度0.8 mol/L NaCl处理植株后,短时间内(2 d内)植株即出现盐害症状,可以用于大批量菊花品种的快速粗略的耐盐性筛选;而0.4 mol/L NaCl处理植株后,较长时间后(18 d以后)植株受害症状仍不明显,不宜作为菊花耐盐性筛选浓度。NaCl浓度为0.6 mol/L时,4个名贵菊花品种间的盐害指数差异较大;处理18 d时,"檀香狮子""秋水芙蓉"植株有1/2死亡,"彩霞"植株全部死亡,"千秀银针"也出现死亡植株;并且,在处理12～18 d时,4个菊花品种的盐害指数相对稳定在一定的区间内,据此可以鉴定菊花品种的相对耐盐性。[结论]0.6 mol/L NaCl是菊花耐盐筛选的理想浓度。

[Objective] The aim was to confirm the best salt concentration of screening famous and precious chrysanthemum varieties,and provide a theoretical basis and technological support for screening the chrysanthemum varieties with salt-tolerance and introducing famous and precious chrysanthemum varieties in saline-alkali soil-area.[Method] 0.4,0.6,0.8 mol/L NaCl were used to treat famous and precious chrysanthemum varieties（＂Tanxiangshizi＂,＂Qiushuifurong＂,＂Qianxiuyinzhen＂ and ＂Caixia＂） respectively through soilless culture,and their salt injury indices were determined after treated 3,6,9,12,15,and 18 days.[Result] When NaCl concentration was 0.4,0.8 mol/L,the salt injury indices of 4 kinds of chrysanthemum varieties had a little significance in different determination time.Four chrysanthemum varieties plants appeared salt injury symptom when using 0.8 mol/L NaCl to treat them a short time（within only 2 days）,so it could be used to quickly and rudely mass chrysanthemum varieties with salt-tolerance.While the plants did not appear salt injury symptom when using 0.8 mol/L NaCl to treat them a long time（after 18 days）,so it was unsuitable to using as the concentration of salt-tolerance screening.When NaCl concentration was 0.6 mol/L,the salt injury indices of 4 kinds of chrysanthemum varieties had a big significance in different determination time.Thereinto,when treated 18 days,1/2 plants of ＂Tanxiangshizi＂ and ＂Qiushuifurong＂,all of ＂Caixia＂ plants,and part of ＂Qianxiuyinzhen＂ plants were dead;When treated 12-18 days,the salt injury indices of 4 kinds of chrysanthemum varieties relatively stabilized in a certain range,which could be used as a basis for identifying the relative salt-tolerance of chrysanthemum varieties.[Conclusion] 0.6 mol/L NaCl is a valuable salt concentration in salt-tolerance screening of chrysanthemum varieties.