广西烟区不同年份烤烟主要化学成分的变化分析

Analysis on Variation of Chemical Composition of Flue-cured Tobacco in Different Years in Guangxi Tobacco-growing Area

[目的]摸清近5年来广西烟区烟叶化学成分的变化规律及其品质情况。[方法]运用统计学中的主成分分析法,对2006～2010年广西河池和百色2个烟区烤烟的化学成分数据进行统计处理,分析近5年来广西烟叶6种主要化学成分的变化状况和烤烟不同部位不同年份的化学成分变化情况。[结果]2006～2010年广西烟区烤烟的中部烟叶总糖、烟碱、总氮、钾含量较稳定,上部烟叶次之,下部烟叶变幅较大;中上部烟叶糖碱比值基本处于优质烟叶范围,协调性较好;各部位烟叶氮碱比值、钾氯比值适宜;但中下部烟叶糖氮比例欠协调,上部烟叶烟碱含量偏高。[结论]控制上部烟叶烟碱含量,协调烟叶中各种化学成分的比例将是今后广西烟叶品质改良的一个主攻方向。

[Objective] The study aimed to make clear the variation law of the chemical composition in the flue-cured tobacco in different years in Guangxi tobacco-growing area.[Method] The data of the chemical composition in the flue-cured tobacco from the 2 tobacco-growing areas including Hechi and baise cities in Guangxi in 2006-2010 were made for the statistical treatment by using the principal component analysis method so as to analyze the change of 6 major chemical compositions in Guangxi tobacco and the variation of the chemical composition for the different parts in the flue-cured tobacco in different years in recent 5 years.[Result] The contents of the total sugar,nicotine,total nitrogen and potassium in the middle part of the flue-cured tobacco in Guangxi tobacco-growing area was stable,that in the upper part of the tobacco was the second and that in the lower part of the tobacco had greater change.The ratio of reducing sugar to nicotine in the middle and upper part of the tobacco was in the range of high-good quality tobacco,with a good coordination.The ratios of nitrogen to nicotine and potassium to chloride in different parts of the tobacco were suitable.But the ratio of sugar to nitrogen in the lower part of the tobacco wasn＇t in the coordination and the nicotine content in the upper part of the tobacco was slightly higher.[Conclusion] The main direction for the quality improvement of Guangxi tobacco was to control the content of nicotine in upper part of tobacco and coordinate the proportion of the various chemical components in the tobacco.