基于投入产出法的制造业间R&D溢出效应测算及比较

Measuring and comparing inter-industry R&D spillover in manufacturing based on input-output analysis

通过产业间R&D溢出效应测算方法的比较,选择投入产出法对产业研发活动的总受益者效应、总贡献者效应和产业间溢出效应加以度量,利用2002年、2005年、2007年的投入产出系数和R&D经费支出统计数据测算了我国制造业间的R&D溢出效应,并对测算结果进行了比较分析,结果表明:从横向对比看,轻纺制造业和资源加工业的产业间受益者效应较为明显,机械电子业对其他产业贡献较大;在时序特征上,各制造业间的溢出效应在不断发生变化,但具有一定稳定性。上述结论有望为政府优化科研经费投向,动态调整科研经费投入结构提供理论依据。

By the comparison of different methods, Input -Output（ I -O） analysis is selected to measure the effects of R＆D activities, including total beneficiary effect, total contributor effect, and inter - industry effect of R＆D spillover. The effect of inter - industry R＆D spillover in manufacturing of China is calculated based on the data of input - output coefficients and R＆D expenditures in the years of 2002, 2005, and 2007. And then, the result shows that horizontally, the beneficiary effects of light textile manufacturing and resources processing industry are obvious, while the contributor effect of mechanical electron industry is great ; vertically, the effect of inter - industry R＆D spillover changes constantly, however it has the certain stability. The conclusions provide the theory basis for the government to optimize the orientation of R＆D investments and adjust the structure of R＆D investments dynamically.