试论语用误解与修正

On Pragmatic Misunderstanding and Repair

误解是最常见、最普遍的语言现象之一。由于语言的复杂性和自身的模糊性,使得话语包含话语意义和含意,而且由于个人在经历、教育、心理和认知等方面的差异,人们在处理捕捉到的信息时往往不能准确把握其涵义。然而,在多数时候,人们面对这种现象时并不是无能为力的,而是积极采取各种有效措施来进行修正。常见的修正路径有自我修正、他人修正、语境修正和零修正。

Pragmatics misunderstanding is one of the most often - seen and universal linguistic phenome- na. Due to the complexity and fuzziness of language, we can find both meaning and implication of utterances. Furthermore, the differences in personal experiences, education, psychology and cognition make it difficult for people to capture the correct information. However, in most cases, people are not helpless before them. Instead, they may take various effective measures for repair. Usually, there are four ways of repair： self-repair, other repair, context repair and zero repair.