韩非的道德思想与法律发生学

On Han Fei's Moral Thoughts and Law Embryology

韩非汲取道家的道德学说,以"道"率"德",把"道"作为"德"之形上本体和终极依据。把道、德、仁、义、礼五者视为因依相生的关系,通过"德""礼"结合,进而将礼与法结合,认为法的产生是道不断向德、仁、义、礼依次递生的必然结果。韩非同时又将道与理相结合,视"理"为事物的特性与发展变化规律,将其扩展到政治领域则为治国之理,治国就是要"缘道理以从事",于是,韩非又从道、理、法的相生相依的关系中诠释了法律的产生。

In absorbing Taoist moral theories,Han Fei took Tao as the basis of virtues,regarding Tao as the metaphysical and ultimate foundation of virtues.He believed that Tao,virtue,benevolence,righteousness and rites form a successively developing chain.Through combination of virtue and rite,and then the combination of rite and law,he asserted that law is an inevitable outcome of the evolution from Tao to benevolence,to righteousness and to rites.At same time,Han Fei integrated Tao and Li,taking Li as the traits and natural development law of all things,and in political area as law of administrating a state.He held that governance is to ″handle affair on basis of Tao and Li″.In this way he interpreted the origin of law through the co-generating and co-dependent relationship between Tao,Li and law.