试论句法范畴义征标记集的建构

Constructing the Tagset of Semantic Features of Syntactic Categories

"词汇语义—句法语义"的衔接是句法—语义接口的重要内容,也是句法结构生成的关键。句法范畴义征是词汇语义与句法语义的衔接桥梁,其提取和标记集的建构是衔接研究的基础。本研究基于语义范畴的义征分析和语义子场的概括抽象,共提取句法范畴义征61个,经过对《受限词元表》中50个常用词(包括名、动、形三类)所形成的组合结构以及汉语简单句型(220个)的验证增补,建构了优化的《句法范畴义征标记集》(76个),并对所提取的范畴义征进行了界定。作为工程语言学项目,句法范畴义征标记集的建构,最终是为句法结构的理解生成服务的。

The ＂ lexical-semantic and syntactic-semantic＂ cohesion is key to syntactic structure generation, and is also important content in interface between syntax and semantics. Semantic features of syntactic categories are the bridge of ＂ lexicalsemantic and syntactic-semantic＂ cohesion, so the tagset of semantic features of syntactic categories is the basis of cohesion. Based on semantic analysis of semantic category and generalization of sub-semantic field, this paper summarizes 61 semantic features of syntactic categories. Through the examination of simple coordinated structure formed by 50 common words （includes nouns, verbs and adjectives） with ＂limited vocabulary＂ and simple sentences （220） , we increased the quantity of tags. We constructed an optimized tagset of semantic features of syntactic categories （76）. As a project of engineering linguistics, the construction of the tagset has to serve application purpose in understanding and processing of syntactic structures.