广州市乙型肝炎病毒携带者的病毒基因型分析

Viral genotyping analysis of hepatitis B virus carriers in Guangzhou

目的掌握广州市乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒流行状况、基因型和分子进化情况。方法对广州市人群进行系统抽样,采集血样,用ELISA法分析乙肝病毒感染状况;从300份乙肝病毒表面抗原阳性血清(HBsAg)提取DNA,对S基因测序分析。结果广州市1～59岁人群乙肝表面抗原流行率为12.45%(95%CI10.54%～14.37%),低年龄组流行率显著低于高年龄组;广州市流行的乙肝病毒基因型有2种,其中B基因型占72.41%,C基因型占27.59%,不同毒株间核苷酸同源性为93.15%～99.91%。结论广州地区人群乙肝疫苗接种效果明显,但乙肝表面抗原流行率仍高于全国水平;S基因序列和各参考株高度同源,未发现其他基因型及有生物学意义的变异。

Objective To find out the prevalence,genotypes and molecular evolution situation of hepatitis B virus in Guangzhou.Methods Sera were collected from stratified sampling population of 1 to 59 years old in Guangzhou to screen the positive rate of hepatitis B virus（HBV） infection by ELISA.DNA was extracted from 300 sero-positive samples for sequencing analysis of S gene to determine the HBV genotypes.Results Among 1 to 59 year-old population of Guangzhou,the prevalence of surface antigen of hepatitis B was 12.45%（10.54%-14.37%,95% CI value）;the rate of the younger group was significantly lower than that of the elder group.Two dominant HBV genotypes were identified,genotypes B and C（72.41% and 27.59%,respectively）.Different HBV strains share the nucleotide homology of the S gene between 93.15% and 99.91%.Conclusions The HBV vaccination in Guangzhou is effective,but the prevalence of HBV infection is still higher than the national average level.The S gene sequence analysis of the prevalent HBV strains in Guangzhou showed high similarity to the reference strains,and only two major HBV genotypes（B and C） were found.