不同土壤类型夏玉米推荐施肥效应研究

Effect of Recommend Fertilization on Summer Maize in Different Soil Groups

在河南省潮土、褐土和黄褐土上通过田间试验研究了夏玉米Nutrient Expert(NE)和Agro ServicesInternational Inc(ASI)法推荐施肥的产量和经济效应及基于NE推荐施肥的氮、磷、钾肥料利用效率。结果表明:三种土类上NE和ASI法推荐施肥在减少施肥量的情况下,仍获得农户习惯施肥的产量,在潮土上经济效益较好。基于NE推荐施肥黄褐土氮、磷和钾肥增产率分别为17.35%、9.58%和6.86%,褐土为21.93%、12.83%和8.10%,潮土为8.46%、8.64%和7.06%;氮、磷和钾肥利用率分别为31.38%～40.84%、20.15%～24.47%和45.58%～49.95%;氮、磷和钾肥农学效率依次为5.23～10.26 kg/kg、12.99～16.52kg/kg和9.57～11.83 kg/kg,黄褐土肥料利用效率较高,而潮土较低。黄褐土ASI法增产增收效果明显,而潮土上NE推荐施肥效应较佳。

In order to increase the efficiency of fertilizer utilization and grain yield of summer maize,Field experiment was carried out to study the effect of Nutrient Expert（NE） and ASI recommend fertilization on the yield,economic benefit of summer maize,and N,P,K utilization efficiency by NE recommend fertilization in yellow-cinnamon soil,cinnamon soil and fluvo-aquic soil of He＇nan Province.The results showed that NE and ASI recommend fertilization could get the same yield as farmer accustomed fertilization with less fertilizer in the 3 soil types.Economic efficiency was the best in fluvo-aquic soil.In the base of NE,the yield increased rate of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers was 17.35%,9.58% and 6.86%,respectively,in yellow-cinnamon soil.It was 21.93%,12.83% and 8.10%,respectively,in cinnamon soil.It was 8.46%,8.64% and 7.06%,respectively,in fluvo-aquic soil.N,P and K utilization efficiency was 31.38%~40.84%,20.15%~24.47% and 45.58%~49.95%,respectively.The agronomic efficiency was 5.23~10.26 kg/kg,12.99~16.52 kg/kg and 9.57~11.83 kg/kg,respectively.Fertilizer utilization efficiency was higher in yellow-cinnamon soil,but was lower in fluvo-aquic soil.ASI recommend fertilization could increase the yield and economic benefit obviously in Yellow-cinnamon soil.NE recommend fertilization could improve the yield and economic benefit significantly in fluvo-aquic soil.