5种野生牡丹叶片的解剖学特征

Comparative study on the anatomical leaf structure of five wild peony species

用植物组织离析法和石蜡切片技术对5种野生牡丹成熟叶片的表皮细胞形态和横切面结构特征进行比较研究.结果表明,5种野生牡丹叶片均属于异面叶,由外到内依次包括表皮、叶肉和叶脉3个部分.表皮细胞由一层排列紧密的方形或长方形细胞构成,外被角质膜,气孔器分布于下表皮;栅栏组织和海绵组织特征存在种间特异性;中脉及其外围基本组织分化形成的薄壁组织和机械组织发达程度存在差异.从顶面观,表皮细胞呈多边形或者不规则形,细胞壁呈平直状、浅波状或波状.从植物的生态习性来看,叶片的结构特征表明5种野生牡丹属于中生植物类型,同时叶片的结构特征也为野生牡丹种群鉴别及实际栽培过程中的良种选育提供参考.

The anatomical leaf structures of five wild peony species were studied by the method of educts and paraffin sectioning.The results show that the leaf structure of five species is bifacial leaf,and consisted of epidermis,mesophyll and vein from outer to inner;epidermis cells arranged by a layer of square or rectangular close cells,and covered by cuticle,the stomata were anomocytic and existed on the abaxial epidermis in all the species examined.The adaxial epidermis cells were usually irregular or polygonal in shape with anticlinal walls straight,repand,or sinuous.The palisade tissue and spongy tissue vary with the species;there are discrepancie in the midvien and parenchyma of its periphery.The shapes of epidermis have three types.Structural characteristics of the leaves show the category of the five wild species belong to mesophtes,and they provide enriched evidence in distinguish different populations and in breeding.