基于EKF方法的橡胶隔震支座参数识别实验研究

Experimental Study on Parameter Identification of Non-Linear Hysteretic Rubber-Bearing Isolators Using EKF Method

采用Bouc-Wen模型建立橡胶隔震支座的非线性动力学方程,基于已有研究成果,缩减模型参数简化模型,建立不同数量参数的迟滞模型模拟橡胶隔震支座的非线性特性。对橡胶隔震支座进行振动台实验,基于测得的加速度信号和广义卡尔曼滤波(Extended Kalman filter,EKF)方法在线识别橡胶隔震支座的参数和位移。对不同参数数量的Bouc-Wen模型在不同地震波激励下,EKF方法识别得到的橡胶隔震支座模型参数一致,且识别的位移和实际测量得到的位移曲线吻合良好,验证了本文所得模型参数的有效性和准确性及模型简化的合理性,也证明了EKF方法在橡胶隔震支座参数识别中的有效性。

The Bouc-Wen model is investigated to represent the hysteretic behavior of rubber-bearing isolators.The model is simplified by reducing the hysteretic parameters using the suggested values of other scholars.Three models with different amount of parameters are established to describe the nonlinear character of the rubber-bearing isolators.Further,experimental tests using a particular type of rubber-bearing isolator（GZN110） are conducted.Based on experimental vibration data measured from sensors,the extended Kalman filter （EKF） method is used to identify the model parameters.Different excitation scenarios,i.e.,different earthquakes,and the Bouc-Wen models with different amount of parameters are considered.The estimated parameters are identical,and the identified displacements match the experimental ones well under different excitations.Experimental results demonstrate that the Bouc-Wen model is capable of describing the nonlinear behavior of rubber-bearing isolator,the simplifying model is reasonable,and the EKF approach is quite effective for parameter identification of nonlinear hysteretic rubber-bearings.