静电纺纳米纤维基组织工程大孔支架的研究进展

Progress in Electrospun 3D Macroporous Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

静电纺丝作为一种纳米纤维支架的仿生构建方法,已在组织工程和再生医学领域中得到越来越多的应用和关注。但是,静电纺支架的主要问题是密集排列的纳米纤维之间的空隙很小,阻碍细胞的长入和三维(3 D)组织的形成。为了解决这一问题,近年来已发展了许多用于扩大静电纺纳米纤维支架孔尺寸的制备方法。首先概述组织工程支架中大孔对细胞行为的影响,然后对静电纺纳米纤维3 D大孔支架的制备方法和技术研究进展进行综述,讨论这些3 D大孔支架促进细胞长入的效果,最后对静电纺3 D大孔支架在组织工程中应用的主要挑战和前景,提出了看法。

Electrospinning technique has received increasing attention in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine community due to its capability of making biomimetic nanofibrous scaffolds for engineering a variety of tissues.However,one of the major problems with electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds is that the densely arranged nanofibers and small pores（or interstices） in the scaffolds would inhibit proper infiltration of the cells and consequently limit tissue regeneration in vivo.To address this challenge,in recent years many concepts or strategies applicable at the electrospinning procedures have been devised to enlarge pore size of the electrospun scaffolds.This article addressed importance of porosity,pore size,and pore interconnectivity pertaining to tissue engineering scaffolds,and provided a detailed review on various approaches available for preparing 3 D macroporous nanofibrous scaffolds from electrospinning.Efficiencies,challenges,and prospects in the application of such electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds for tissue engineering were also briefly discussed.