新型双子季铵盐的合成及粘土防膨性能评价

Synthesis and evaluation of a novel gemini quaternary ammonium as an anti-swelling chemical

以三乙胺和环氧氯丙烷等为基本原料,合成了一类新型的双子季铵盐,确定了该季铵盐的最佳合成条件为:n三乙胺盐酸盐∶n环氧氯丙烷∶n三乙胺=1.2∶1∶1,反应温度为70℃,反应时间为7h,收率为87%。对该双子季铵盐的防膨性能进行了室内评价,结果表明:当其在粘土稳定剂溶液的质量分数为1%时,防膨率为86.5%。

A novel gemini quaternary ammonium was successfully synthesized with triethylamine(1a,Et3N) and epichlorohydrin(2a) as raw materials.The optimal reaction conditions was:n1b∶n2a∶n1a=1.2∶1∶1,reaction temperature 70℃,reaction time 7h,and the yield can reach 85.0%.In view of the anti-swelling of the gemini quaternary ammonium,results of laboratory evaluation show that when the mass fraction of 3a in clay stabilizer solution was 1.0%,the anti-swelling rate was up to 86.5%.