满铁调查村落的历史与现状透视

Analysis of the History and Current Situation of the Mantetsu Survey Villages

满铁调查村落不是封闭、紧密、内聚的村落共同体,亲属空间决定着政治空间。华北村落充满了激烈的、复杂的争斗,同时与外部世界存在各种联系和关系,村落政治以场景性的政治结盟为主。由于所处的历史与现实境遇不同,就满铁调查村落的发展前景而言,呈现截然不同的境况。在一些村落走向现代化进程的城市化、社区化的同时,有些村落处在几乎被人遗忘的角落。

This paper analyses the history and current situation of villages in North China by using the mantetsu survey materials and field survey data. Besides, it academically responds to studies of villages in North China carried out by Philip Huang and Prasenjit Duara. This study does not agree that the mantetsu survey villages are closed, compact, and corporate village communities. Also, it disagrees that kinship space determines the political space. In contrast, North China villages are full of intense and complicated struggles and have various links with the outside world. At the same time, the village politics are mainly characterized by situational political alliances. Due to different historical and realistic situation, the mantetsu survey villages show very different developmental prospects. Some villages are in the process of urbanization and modernization, while others are almost forgotten.