北京市房山区2008-2010年水痘暴发疫情流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of infection outbreaks of chickenpox in Fangshan District of Beijing from 2008 to 2010

目的了解北京市房山区2008-01至2010-12水痘暴发疫情情况,为制订托幼园所、学校水痘疫情防制措施提供科学依据。方法对房山区2008-01至2010-12水痘暴发疫情进行流行病学分析研究。结果共发生水痘暴发疫情21起,总病例数为193例,罹患率为1.72%。2008年发生15起,2009年发生2起,2010年发生4起。其中5起发生在托幼园所,16起发生在小学。结论水痘传染性强,病毒一旦引入托幼园所、学校,传播迅速;加强监测,落实传染源隔离、对易感人群应急接种、消毒等措施是预防水痘暴发的重要措施。

Objective To collect more information on infection outbreaks of chickenpox in Fangshan District of Beijing from January 2008 to December 2010 so as to take more effective precautions against chickenpox in kindergartens and schools.Methods The methods of descriptive epidemiology were used to analyze the frequency of infection outbreaks of chickenpox in Fangshan District from January 2008 to December 2010.Results A total of twenty-one outbreaks occurred in Fangshan District from January 2008 to December 2010.193 cases were reported during the period,and the incidence rate was 1.72%.Fifteen outbreaks occurred in 2008,two in 2009,four in 2010.Five of these outbreaks occurred in kindergartens and sixteen in schools.Conclusions Chickenpox is highly infectious.Once the virus enters kindergartens or schools,it will spread rapidly.Strengthening surveillance,isolating the source of infection,emergency vaccination of susceptible populations,and disinfection are important measures to prevent the outbreak of chickenpox.