国际教育援助视野中的学校制度变革——我国西部农村学校发展计划的实践与评析

School Institution Transformation within the Scope of International Education Aid:Practice and Commentary on School Development Plan in Western Rural Area of China

学校发展计划是英、美等西方国家现代教育改革中重要的学校制度变革策略,自2000年以来,通过大型国际教育援助项目,学校发展计划在我国西部农村中小学得到大规模实验推广,受到学界和政府的关注。本文系统梳理了这一学校制度变革策略在我国西部中小学推进的路径、机制、方法等基本内容,反思评析了学校发展计划的实践效果、问题和阻抗。作为一种源于异域的分权式学校管理思想和方式,学校发展计划的引入和实践对我国正在探索中的学校整体变革和现代学校制度建设有着强烈的现实意义和借鉴价值。

School development plan is a key strategy of school institution transiormation in Britain, America and many other west developed counties during their educational reform. Since the year of 2000, it has been piloting and disseminating extensively in rural schools of western China through large international educational aids projects, and it arouses the great attention from the academic circle and the government. This paper is undertaking a systematic study on its basic practice, such as implementing path, mechanism, approaches etc., and reflecting its effectiveness, issues and obstacles against Chinese rural context. As a type of west decentralized school management thought, school development plan＇s introduction and practice is taking strong significance on on-going school integrated transformation and student-oriented school institution construction in China.