不同醇溶剂中氧化锌纳米晶的可控制备

Controllable Preparation of ZnO Nanocrystallites in Various Alcoholic Solvents

采用液相直接沉淀法,以醋酸锌和氢氧化钠为原料,在醇溶剂体系中成功制备出不同形貌的ZnO纳米晶,使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-vis)等检测方法对样品进行表征。结果表明,制备的ZnO均为六方纤锌矿结构,形貌受到溶剂种类、反应温度和反应时间等因素影响;在乙醇溶剂中,通过反应温度和反应时间控制可得到分散均匀、形貌均一纳米颗粒或纳米棒,并对不同形貌ZnO的生长机理进行了初步讨论。

ZnO nanocrystals with different morphologies were successfully prepared by liquid-phase precipitation method using zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide in various alcoholic solution.The as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy（UV-Vis）.The results showed that the samples had wurtzite（hexagonal） structure with good crystallizability.The morphologies of ZnO naocrystallites were influenced by reaction conditions such as type of alcohol,temperature and time.Uniform ZnO nanoparticles or nanorods could be formed in ethanol solution by varying reaction temperature and time.The growth mechanism of ZnO with different morphologies was discussed.