保护性耕作对玉米出苗率、苗期土壤蓄水量及地温的影响研究

Research on the Influence of Conservation Tillage on the Rate of Emergence of Corn,Water Stored in Soil and Soil Temperature during the Seedling Stage

试验处理方案包括浅松覆盖、压实覆盖、留茬覆盖、条带覆盖和留茬全覆盖。通过与传统耕作对照,旨在得出各保护性耕作措施对玉米出苗率、苗期土壤蓄水量及地温的影响,并在此基础上探索出相应的最佳保护性耕作方式,为玉米高产提供条件。试验结果表明:5种保护性耕作方式均对玉米出苗率有不同程度的影响,浅松影响最小,留茬全覆盖影响最大;各种处理对冬闲期到苗期内降水的储蓄量均大于对照,其中条带覆盖的效果最好;而各种处理下的苗期地温与对照组相比,除浅松覆盖处理外均偏低。

The processing scheme of the experiment involves surface-pulverize covering,compacted covering,stubble covering,strip mulch and stubble complete covering.Compared with the traditional farming methods,the conclusion is reached that how the conservation tillage managements works on the rate of emergence of corn,the amount of water stored in soil and the geothermal temperature during the seedling stage.The experimental result shows： the influence on the rate of emergence of the five kinds varies： the influence of shallow-loosening is the least,influence of stubble complete coverage is the largest;the amount of water stored in soil during winter from rainfall is also different,that is,the amount of stubble complete coverage is the most but all is more than that of the traditional farming methods.The geothermal temperature is lower than the compared one except that of shallow-loosening.