山西省西山地区退耕还林还草后续产业的发展与保障问题分析

Development and security of follow-up industries in returned farmland to forest/grass lands in Western Region of Shanxi Province

本文通过随机抽取5个典型县区的有关数据,从退耕与林草建设的模式入手,利用比较和综合分析的方法,分析了山西省西山地区以林牧业发展为主的退耕还林还草后续产业的现状和趋势,以及后续产业发展的保障性等问题。结果认为,从整体上看,山西省西山地区退耕还林还草后续产业发展过程可分为倒退式发展(2000—2003年)、明显加快发展(2003—2006年)和迅速发展(2006—2009年)3个时段。选定的典型县区总体情况表明,在区域耕地减少、人口增多的情况下,粮食总产量和人均粮食产量均有所增长,表明典型区域耕地质量明显提高和后续产业持续发展的趋势;从典型县区个案情况看,在某一定时段内粮食总产量和人均粮食产量均出现不同幅度的负增长态势,也显示了该区后续产业存在严重的发展问题。最后提出了稳定耕地数量、保障人均粮食拥有量是后续产业发展的根本,以及需要进一步分析的主要问题。

Follow-up industries for the project of returned farmland to forest/grass lands has existed for about 10 years.Protecting achievements and benefits of the developed follow-up industries and the related programs was critical to the success of the projects.This paper analyzed the present trends and questions about safeguarding and developing follow-up industries via comparisons and syntheses with five typical counties in Western Region of Shanxi Province as the cases.Based on the results,the course of developing follow-up industries were divided into three stages-retrogressive development（2000-2003）,accelerated development（2003-2006） and quick development（2006-2009）.The results were analyzed on the basis of two factors.The first was quality of farmland and changes in follow-up industrial developments in terms of cultivation,population,grain,etc.The second was the question of grains and developments of follow-up industries in any given region.The analysis results of the typical counties showed trends of increasing in farmland quality and sustainable development of follow-up industries under the conditions of farmland decrease and population growth.However,the individual case of the typical counties showed negative growth in total and per cap.grain production in some certain periods.It indicated serious problems in development of follow-up industries.The paper put forward further analytical questions about the amount of farmlands and per-person availability of grains.These factors remained stable in the project regions in Western Shanxi Province.