抗肿瘤腺病毒纳米复合物的研究进展

Advances in research on adenovirus nanocomplexes for tumor therapy

腺病毒载体相对于其他基因载体具有转导效率高,宿主范围广的优点,广泛应用于癌症的基因治疗中。临床试验已证明腺病毒瘤内注射可有效治疗原发性肿瘤,但难以满足静脉注射治疗转移性肿瘤的需求。传统的腺病毒静脉注射后易被肝脾细胞摄取,存在体内免疫原性强、血液半衰期短、肿瘤靶向性差的问题。采用聚合物或纳米材料对腺病毒进行表面修饰,构建腺病毒纳米复合物,是解决以上问题的新方法。本文综述了用于静脉注射治疗癌症的腺病毒纳米复合物的研究进展。

Adenovirus vectors have been extensively used in cancer gene therapy owing to their extremely high transduction efficiency and wide tropism.It has been demonstrated in clinical trials that intratumoral injection of conventional adenovirus can effectively treat the primary tumors;however,the vectors are inappropriate for the treatment of metastatic cancers through intravenous injection.Conventional naked adenoviruses after systemic administration are susceptible to uptake by liver and spleen,leading to in vivo immunogenicity,short blood half-life and poor tumor targeting.Several new strategies including modification of viral surface by polymers or nanomaterials can overcome these limitations.In this review,we concentrated on recent advances in research on adenovirus nanocomplexes for intravenous injection in cancer therapy.