面对基督教:克尔凯郭尔和尼采的不同取向——兼论尼采对克尔凯郭尔的批判

On Christianity:Nietzsche vs.Kierkegaard

本文以互读的方法试图揭示克尔凯郭尔与尼采面对基督教信仰所采取的截然相反的态度。克尔凯郭尔坚持生存者需要一个"全知全能"的上帝,而尼采认为上帝的"全知全能"性正是上帝要被杀死的原因;克尔凯郭尔极力张扬基督教人本主义思想,而尼采则批判基督教人本主义的虚妄性和奴隶本性。尼采认为,克尔凯郭尔的基督教上帝正是形而上学式思想的残余,因此克尔凯郭尔的哲学在根本上是一种"基督教哲学";是尼采彻底颠覆了形而上学,真正使哲学的关注点落实到了人的"生活世界"。

Both Kierkegaard and Nietzsche are prominently critical of the European Metaphysics.This paper focuses on their different attitudes towards Christianity.Kierkegaard insists that human being needs an omnipotent God,while Nietzsche raises 'God is dead'.Kierkegaard praises the Christian humanism,Nietzsche criticizes it as 'the slave morals'.From the point of view of Nietzsche,Kierkegaard's Christian God is nothing but a metaphysical remnant.Therefore,fundamentally speaking,Kierkegaard's philosophy is a 'Christian philosophy'.It is Nietzsche who repudiates the metaphysical way of thinking and forces philosophy open to Lebenswelt.