家庭收入对儿童早期语言能力的影响作用及机制：家庭学习环境的中介作用

The Effect of the Family Income on Children's Early Literacy Skills:the Intermediary Role and Mediating Effect of the Home Learning Environment

家庭收入作为家庭社会经济地位的重要组成部分,是影响儿童心理发展的重要因素之一。研究以185名年龄在43-77个月的幼儿园中班儿童为研究对象,对家庭收入、家庭学习环境(学习活动、丰富生活经验、文化资料)以及儿童早期语言能力(语音意识与词汇量)进行了测查,探讨家庭收入对儿童早期语言能力的影响作用及机制。结果发现,(1)控制儿童年龄、性别后,家庭收入对儿童早期语言能力具有显著的独立预测作用;(2)在家庭收入对儿童早期语言能力的预测中,文化资料在家庭收入预测儿童早期语言能力中发挥了部分中介作用。

The family income,an important indicator in a family＇s socio-economic status,plays a crucial role in a child＇s psychological development.The present study,by conducting a survey of 185 children aged 43-47 months in a kindergarten to investigate into their family income,home learning environment（including their learning activities,rich experience in life,and learning materials）,and their early literacy skills（phonological awareness and vocabulary）,aims to probe into the effect of the family income on the children＇s early literacy skills and the mechanism thereof.The results show the following：（1） the family income can be used to significantly predict the children＇s early literacy skills;（2） in the prediction of the children＇s early literacy skills by the family income,cultural materials have a significant mediating effect on the prediction of the children＇s early literacy skills by the family income.