宝鸡长青镇铅锌冶炼厂周围灰尘中重金属的空间分布及污染评价

Contamination assessment and spatial distribution of heavy metals in dust surrounding the Changqing town lead-zinc smelting plant in Baoji

利用X-Ray荧光光谱仪对宝鸡市长青镇铅锌冶炼厂周围灰尘中重金属含量进行了分析,并采用地积累指数和富集因子评价方法评价了灰尘中重金属的污染状况.结果表明,该铅锌厂周围灰尘中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Ni和V的几何平均含量分别为123.1、1449.1、2082.1、1085.0、840.和81.8mg·kg-1,均明显高于陕西省表层土壤背景值,分别为陕西省表层土壤背景值的5.8、67.7、30.0、17.4、1.4和1.2倍.距离铅锌厂500m范围的灰尘中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Ni的含量最高.污染评价结果表明,长青镇铅锌厂周围灰尘中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr都存在着不同程度的污染,污染区域主要集中在铅锌厂的西北、西南和东南方向,而Ni和V则基本无污染.

The concentrations of heavy metals in dust samples surrounding the Changqing town lead-zinc smelting plant in Baoji city were measured by X- Ray fluorescence spectrometry. The contamination levels of heavy metals in dust were assessed based on the geo-accumulation index and the enrichment factor. The results show that the average concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni and V in dust were 123.1, 1449.1, 2082.1, 1085.0, 40.8 and 81.8 mg. kg -~ , respectively, which were higher than the corresponding background values of Shaanxi topsoil. The average concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, ~Ni and V in dust were respectively 5.8, 67.7, 30.0, 17.4, 1.4 and 1.2 times the corresponding background values of Shaanxi topsoil. The content of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr and Ni in dust was the highest within 500 m of lead-zinc smelting plant. The assessment results showed that Cu, Pb, Zn and Cr had different contamination levels in dust around the lead-zinc smelting plant and the contaminated areas were mainly distributed in the northwest and southwest and southeast of lead-zlnc smelting plant. The dust surrounding the Changqing lead-zinc smelting plant were not polluted by Ni and V.