农民的创业动机、需求及其扶持

The Otivation,Demand and Support for Farmers' Entrepreneurship

本文基于对广东省部分地区农民的问卷调查分析,受农民群体的独特性及其所处环境的特殊作用,农民的创业动机主要源于生存需求、自我实现和发展及解决就业;对政府行政成本与法制保障的忧虑、市场拓展与管理能力不足、风险承受能力差及创业能力不足是农民创业的主要障碍;而资金帮助和技术支持是农民创业最期盼得到的帮助,创业者风险补偿是农民创业最希望获得的政府优惠政策,由此,提升农民创业者的创业能力及其创业后的管理和发展能力、创业可持性始终应该是农民创业扶持政策必须给予关注的重点。

The motivation to start an enterprise results from the interaction of one's internal demand and external environment.The questionnaire investigation from farmers in Guangdong province indicates that,due to the peculiarity of farmers group and their environment,farmers' entrepreneurship motivation comes from survival demand,self-improvement and employment solution.The barriers for farmers to begin an undertaking include the worry about government's administration cost and legal safeguard,the inability to take risks,and the absence of ability for expanding market and starting business.The support that farmers need most is financial and technological assistance.What government is expected is to provide farmers with risk compensation policy.Therefore,the support for farmers' entrepreneurship should differ from others,which should focus on raising the ability to start an enterprise,to develop business and to maintain the existence of enterprises.