重建总体性——刍议詹姆逊文化批判理论

Reconstruction of Totality——On Jameson's Cultural Criticism Theory

詹姆逊力图运用马克思主义的立场、观点和方法,对以反元叙事著称的后现代主义文化展开总体性分析,这使他在国际学界备受争议。本文紧扣理论思维和实践政治两大维度,从"为总体性正名"、"马克思主义诠释学"、"认知测绘美学"、"全球化及其抵抗策略"四个方面,对詹姆逊重建总体性的文化批判理论进行批判解读。詹姆逊在总体上坚持了马克思主义,并有所发展,但他对"主体"等哲学范畴的理解,多少偏离马克思主义而近于后现代主义;这使他的文化批判理论最终陷入了悲观主义迷局。

Jameson attempts to give a general analysis of post-modernist culture known as anti- meta-narrative through application of Marxist position, views and methodology, which made him a controversial fiture in the international academic circle. This paper intends to present a critical interpretation of Jameson＇s cultural criticism theory of reconstruction of totality, focusing on four factors, that is, ＂justification of totality＂, ＂Marxist doctrine of hermeneutics＂, ＂aesthetic of cognitive mapping＂, and ＂globalization and strategies of resistance＂ from the dimension of political thinking and the dimension of practical politics. On the whole, Jameson has adhered to Marxism with certain development. But his understanding of philosophical categories such as the subject has, to a certain extent, deviated from Marxism and got closer to post-modernism. Consequently, his theory of cultural criticism fell into a pessimistic labyrinth.