燕麦抗蚜性和抗BYDV病毒病鉴定及利用评价

Identification of the Resistance of Oats to Aphid and Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus and Evaluation of Its Utilization

【目的】明确燕麦品种对蚜虫和BYDV的抗性水平,筛选和推广一批广谱抗性的品种以确保燕麦生产安全。【方法】用等行距开畦条播方式种植鉴定圃。于灌浆期分别用模糊识别法和目测法调查圃内自然感染蚜虫和人工接种饲毒蚜虫的数量和病叶级数,计算蚜害比值和平均严重度后进行抗蚜性和抗BYDV性评价。【结果】72份燕麦材料中,无免疫蚜虫和BYDV材料。抗蚜性评价结果表明,14份材料抗蚜、58份材料感蚜;抗BYDV性评价结果表明,自然接种后,9份材料抗病,63份材料感病,而人工接种后,6份材料抗病,66份材料感病。【结论】燕麦抗蚜和抗BYDV材料较少,抗蚜性与抗BYDV性之间有一定相关性,人工接种BYDV较自然感染BYDV易增加病害严重度。QO245-7和白燕2号对蚜虫分别表现中感,对BYDV一致表现抗病,是优质的抗蚜和抗BYDV材料,在今后大面积推广中可优先考虑。

[Objective] This objective of this experiment is to study the resistance of different oats to aphid and Barley yellow dwarf viruses （BYDV）, and to screen and extend a batch of oat varieties with broad-spectrum resistance so as to ensure production safety. [Method] The experimental materials of oats were planted in the appraisal nursery in the same line spacing by furrower, naturally and artificially inoculated viruliferous aphid. The numbers of aphid and disease severity at filling stage were investigated, the ratio of rating scale infested by aphid and average severity were calculated, and the resistance to aphid and BYDV were appraised. [Result] No materials that were immune to aphid and BYDV in 72 oats materials. Fourteen oats were resistant to aphid, 58 oats were susceptible to aphid. In treatment of naturally infested by aphid, 9 oats were resistant to BYDV, 63 oats were susceptible to BYDV, while in treatment of artificially inoculated by viruliferous aphid, 6 oats were resistant to BYDV, 66 oats were susceptible to BYDV. [Conclusion] Very few materials were resistant to aphid and BYDV, and there were some correlations between resistance to aphid and resistance to BYDV, artificial inoculation increased disease severity than natural infestation, and reduced resource utilization. QO245-7 and Baiyan 2 were moderately susceptible to aphid, but they were consistently resistant to BYDV. They should be given priority in popularization in large area in future.