上海市高中生自杀态度及自杀意念水平研究

Suicide attitude and suicide ideation among Shanghai senior high school students

目的了解上海市高中生对自杀态度的取向以及其自杀意念的水平,为提高青少年心理健康提供依据。方法采用青少年生活事件量表、父母教养方式评价量表及Beck抑郁问卷,对上海市1 695名高中生进行调查,由学生自评后统一回收问卷并进行评分。结果 41.18%的学生轻度抑郁,19.17%的学生中度抑郁,13.75%的学生重度抑郁,不同性别和地区的抑郁程度差异无统计学意义。在自杀意念影响因素中,青少年生活事件总应激量、母亲的惩罚严厉、父亲的过度保护均为危险因素,OR值分别为1.10,1.08,1.12;而家庭的情感温暖,学习成绩好是保护因素,OR值分别为0.94和1.38。结论应采用综合性措施从个人、学校和家庭三方面共同努力,提高青少年心理健康水平。

Objective To know the suicide attitude and suicide ideation and the risk factors among Shanghai senior high school students.Methods Questionnaire surveys were conducted among 1 695 students by using ASLEC（Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List）,EMBU（Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran） and BDI（Beck Depression Inventory）.Results About 41.18% students were slight depression,19.17% were moderate and 13.75% were severe depression.There were no statistical significant difference between genders and regions.The stress of adolescent life events,mother’ s severe punishment,father’ s over protection were risk factors（OR values were 1.10,1.08 and 1.12 respectively）,while the family emotion warmth（OR=0.94） and achievement（OR=1.38） were protect factors.Conclusion To improve the psychological health of adolescents,it should emphasize on three facets which are individual,school and family.