大学生情绪智力与心理健康的关系

Relationship between emotional intelligence and mental health among undergraduates

目的了解大学生情绪智力与心理健康状况之间的关系,为大学生心理健康咨询与教育提供科学依据。方法采用情绪智力量表(EIS)和症状自评量表(SCL-90),对整群随机抽取的太原市312名大学生进行问卷调查。结果大学生人际敏感因子的城乡差异有统计学意义;SCL-90总分及各因子(除躯体化、焦虑、恐怖)的年级差异有统计学意义。大学生情绪智力总分与SCL-90总分及抑郁、恐怖、偏执、精神病性显著负相关,情绪自控能力与调控他人情绪能力与SCL-90总分及大部分因子显著负相关。除强迫、敌对外,不同情绪智力水平大学生SCL-90总分及各因子差异有统计学意义。情绪自控能力进入了大学生总体心理健康及各因子的回归模型中,情绪自控能力联合运用情绪能力能有效预测大学生总体心理健康及大部分因子。结论自我调控能力和运用情绪能力是大学生心理健康的重要预测指标。

Objective To explore the correlation of undergraduates’ emotional intelligence（EI） and mental health and to provide a valid reference for psychological counseling or mental health education.Methods A total of 312 university students from Taiyuan participated in a study involving measuring EI and mental health with Emotional Intelligence Scale（EIS） and Symptom Check List 90（SCL-90）.Results Significant differences for undergraduates’ EI ability were not found in variables of gender,major locality and grade;Significant differences were found in variable of grade between emotional EI,SCL-90 and every factor in the two scales except summarization,anxiety and phobia anxiety.The global EI yielded significant negative correlations with global SCL-90,depression,phobia anxiety,paranoid ideation and psychoticism.Self Emotional Control（SEC） and Utilizing Emotion（UE） yielded significant negative correlations with global SCL-90 and its most factors.Except hostility and obsessive-compulsive factors,the global SCL-90 and its other factors showed significant differences at 3 levels of EI.SEC and UE in combination can predict global SCL-90 and its most factors.Conclusion There is close correlation between EI and mental health,and SEC and UE are good predictors of undergraduates’ mental health.