佛山市禅城区中小学生肺结核感染和患病现况

Analysis on tuberculosis infection and morbidity in primary and middle school students in Chancheng District of Foshan

目的了解佛山市禅城区中小学生结核菌感染和肺结核患病现况,为主管部门提供学校结核病防治工作决策依据。方法整群抽取佛山市禅城区中小学新生19 685名进行PPD试验,检查结果采用SPSS 16.0统计分析。结果佛山市中小学生PPD总体阳性率为52.0%,强阳性率3.6%,发现5例活动性肺结核病人,患病率为28.76/105。初中学生PPD阳性4 737例(51.5%),强阳性307例(3.3%);小学生阳性3 689例(45.1%),强阳性311例(3.8%);初中生阳性率低于小学生(χ2=70.36,P<0.01)。受检男生中,阳性4459例(46.1%),强阳性255例(2.6%);女生中,阳性3 967例(51.4%),强阳性363例(4.7%),女生阳性率高于男生(χ2=124.39,P<0.01)。有肺结核患者的学校PPD阳性和强阳性检出率高于无肺结核患者的学校(χ2=31.76,P<0.01),患者所在班级PPD总体阳性率高于无患者的班级(χ2=9.28,P=0.01)。结论佛山市中小学学生结核菌感染率和活动性肺结核患病率较高,初中生、女生易感,患者所在班级和学校结核菌感染率较高。因此,要针对重点人群,加强佛山市中小学生结核病防治工作。

Objective To investigate the situation of tuberculosis infection and occurrence among primary and secondary students in Foshan,and to provide decision-making in TB prevention for the school authorities.Methods A cluster sample of 19 685 primary and secondary school students in Chancheng,and Purified Protein Derivative（PPD） tests were carried out among the sampling students.SPSS 16.0 was used for data analysis.Results The overall positive rate of PPD in primary and secondary students of Foshan were 52.0%,and strongly positive rate were 3.6%.Five patients of active tuberculosis were found in this study,and the prevalence was 28.76/105.There were 4 737 cases of PPD-positive in middle school students（51.5%）,307 cases were strong positive（3.3%）;In primary school students while there were 3 689 cases positive（45.1%）,311 patients strong positive（3.8%）.The positive rate in junior high school students were smaller than that in primary school（χ2=70.36,P〈0.01）.Among the male students,4 459 cases（46.1%） were positive,in which 255 cases（2.6%） were strong positive;while among girls,3 967 cases（51.4%） were positive,in which 363 cases（4.7%） were strong positive.The proportion of female positive was larger than that of male（χ2=124.39,P〈0.01）.The proportion of PPD-positive in schools which had tuberculosis patients were larger than that of those without（χ2=31.76,P〈0.01）,and that was the same were the classes（χ2=9.28,P〈0.01）.Conclusion The infection and prevalence rate of tuberculosis of primary and secondary students in Foshan are high,and the high school students and girls are high-risk populations.The infective rates of schools and classes which had active tuberculosis patients are larger.Therefore,the authorities must focus on the high-risk groups,and TB prevention and control should be strengthened in primary and middle schools in Foshan.